Glossary of Terms

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1.
Succinic acid: A dicarboxylic acid; IUPAC name: Butanedioic acid, HOOCCH2CH2COOH. Physically, succinic acid is a solid. (Morrison, et al. 1959)


2. Terpenes: Have carbon skeletons made up of isopene units joined in a regular, head-to-tail way. Found in the essential oils of many plants. (Morrison et al. 1959)


3. Acetone: A hydrocarbon ketone. C3H8O. IUPAC name: Propanone. Colourless liquid, has a mint smell that is detectable at 33 to 700 PPM.


4. Lignite: A brownish-black coal that is intermediate in coalification between peat and sub-bituminous coal; consolidated coal with a calorific value of less then 8300 BTU/lb, on moist, mineral-matter-free basis. (Bates et al. 1983)


5. Coalithofication: The process by which plant tissue is changed into coal. The process involves different combinations of temperature, pressure and time.


6. Saline: Another name for Sodium Chloride or halite, (simple table salt) that is in solution with water.


7. Endospore: Produced by Gram positive bacteria only. They are used to help organisms to survive extreme conditions. They can live for a very long time in this dormant state. The spores differ from vegetative cells in many ways: Their outer layer is much thicker, spores are much more dehydrated (10-30% water compared to a vegetative cell), they essentially exist in a gell state.




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